f.+Cubist+inspired+abstract+sculptures+2

= Cubist inspired abstract sculptures 2. = Choose one or two scuptures whose influence can be traced back to cubist theory. Explain the significance of the artists and sculptures and their place in the development of abstract sculpture.

cubism ||  || Marcel Duchamp Umberto Boccioni Constantin Brancusi Alexander Archipenko Alberto Giacometti || Anton Pevsner Jacques Lipchitz Henri Laurens Raymond Duchamp- Villon Ossip Zadkine Naum Gabo || Cubism Orphism Futurism Suprematism Constructivism Neo Plasticism || || Conduct research into the artist (and sculpture) to ascertain: Below is an example of a quote from the named source. The relevant parts have been highlighted. The research question was "cubist influences on Laurens' sculpture. Use similar specific questions to obtain other information that supports othe aspects of the argument.
 * Artists || Artists || Influenced by
 * Pablo Picasso
 * 1) The cubist influences on the artist and sculpture.
 * 2) The significance of the artist and sculpture in modern art.
 * 3) The place of the artist in the development of abstract sculpture.

**Henri Laurens**
Answers.com Henri Laurens I nitially, Laurens was an artistic disciple of Braque and worked in two-dimensional media, but by 1912 he started to explore the sculptural potentialities of Cubism. The collages of Picasso and Braque plus Picasso's constructions quickly influenced him. Both media were novel in that they employed the principle of assembling materials into two or three dimensional works of art, in contrast to the traditional definitions of painting and sculpture. Laurens' constructions are distinctive in that they are extensively, if not entirely, painted. The beauty of their shapes, rhythms, and color has made Laurens' constructions remarkable in a medium that is generally more sober and less colorful and decorative in effect. During this period he even painted his stone sculptures. In the spirit of artistic revolution of that time, Laurens produced a body of work that combined painting and sculpture. cubism ||  || Marcel Duchamp Umberto Boccioni Constantin Brancusi AlexanderArchipenko Alberto Giacometti || Anton Pevsner Jacques Lipchitz Henri Laurens Raymond Duchamp- Villon Ossip Zadkine Naum Gabo || Cubism Orphism Futurism Suprematism Constructivism Neo Plasticism || ||
 * Artists || Artists || Influenced by
 * Pablo Picasso

Conduct research into the artist (and sculpture) to ascertain:
Below is an example of a quote from the named source. The relevant parts have been highlighted. The research question was "cubist influences on Archipenko's sculpture. Use similar specific questions to obtain other information that supports othe aspects of the argument.
 * 1) The cubist influences on the artist and sculpture.
 * 2) The significance of the artist and sculpture in modern art.
 * 3) The place of the artist in the development of abstract sculpture.

**Alexander Archipenko**
encyclopediaofukraine As a cubist, Archipenko utilized interdependent geometrical lines and introduced new concepts and methods into sculpture. Juan Gris wrote about Archipenko’s influence on the art of the early 20th century: “ Archipenko challenged the traditional understanding of sculpture. It was generally monochromatic at the time. His pieces were painted in bright colors. Instead of accepted materials such as [|marble], bronze or plaster, he used mundane materials such as wood, glass, metal, and wire. His creative process did not involve carving or modeling in the accepted tradition but nailing, pasting and tying together, with no attempt to hide nails, junctures or seams. His process parallels the visual experience of cubist painting. ” Although cubism formed the basis of Archipenko’s art, it was not the only style he worked in.

B. Liam

Naum Gabo was a Russian sculptor that was influenced by strong cubist movement at the time. Prior to his exploits in cubism he was a strong participant in constructivism and helped to establish kinetic art. Naum was first introduced to abstract art by his brother in 1912 and produced his first major cubist sculptures 4 years later. His cubist sculpture was entitled Head of a Woman. It was produced using opaque celluloid that was cut, bent and attached to a flat plane. These techniques have been carried over from cubist sculptures to abstract sculptures produced today. Another artist affected by this large cubist movement was Alberto Giacometti. Giacometti was a Swiss sculptor, drawer and painter that specialised in surrealism, expressionism, formalism and most importantly cubism. Giacometti’s first experience with cubism was in 1922 when he moved to Paris to study under Antonio Bourdelle. During this time he tried out different compositions for both cubism and surrealism and produced such artworks as Femme cuillère, (Spoon Woman produced in 1926). His sculpting techniques involved paralleling figures and his figures were often very isolated. Therefore from the evidence provided it should be clear that abstract sculpture owes its existence to cubist paintings.

Good Liam. You could still add to the information in this paragraph to show greater depth of knowledge.

B. Daniel Similarly, the sculpture named “Walking” by Alexander Archipenko as depicts a human body in motion and explores the relationship between the form and its surroundings. The sculpture uses concave and convex shapes to illustrate the parts of the body with the head fractured. Spaces or voids are also used to represent the volume of the body and once again cylinders and other geometrical shapes are used for the limbs. All of these techniques are demonstrations of cubism and therefore justifies the claim that “Abstract sculpture does owe its existence to cubist painting.”

Good but add another sculptor to strengthen your argument. You have made excellent points but refine the writing. Read aloud.

S. Daniel Alberto Giacometti, Georges Braque and many more sculptors appeared in the later stages of cubism. They all created sculptures that are to a great extent influenced by cubism painting. Alberto Giacometti was a Swiss sculptor and his sculptures usually consisted of bronze and wiring. His sculpting method involved paralleling figures. Therefore proving them to be very abstract and simple which was and still is the techniques use in cubist artworks today. One of his cubist sculptures “Femme Cuillère”, (Spoon Woman produced in 1926) was clearly elaborated on cubism theory.**Elaborate on how!** Many of his sculptures were influenced by Alexander Archipenko and Jacques Lipchitz, his pieces also showed the influence of African and Oceanic art. Giacometti’s work may not have been entirely subject to cubism but was the abstract parts of his sculptures were clearly of the cubist style. Georges Braque worked alongside Pablo Picasso for a period of time, creating cubist sculptures. Braque's large compositions incorporated the Cubist aim of representing the world as seen from a number of different viewpoints. He wanted to convey a feeling of being able to move around within the painting. Although Braque’s major focus points were his paintings that promoted cubism art the sculptures he made undoubtedly encouraged the cubism theory.

Good Daniel. You need to elaborate on how the work of these sculptors was influenced by cubism. Giacometti had a brief encounter with cubism before moving on but it still did play an important role in his development as an artist.

T. Nick Naum Gabo was born in Russia in 1890. He was to become a prominent Russian sculptor in the Constructivism movement. Constructivism rejected the notion of “art for art’s sake” and regarded art as something directed towards social purposes. Gabo developed an industrial and angular appearance to his works reflective of the cubist painters. This is reflected in his work “The Head”. The sculpture shows elements similar to Picasso’s self-portrait. Most obvious are the angular lines. Further, although the sculpture is necessarily three dimensional, it is comprised of elements that lack volume and hence appear as a conglomeration of two-dimensional pieces.

Nick - a good start but you need to elaborate and explain the effects of cubism in more detail. Add another artist to this paragraph to strengthen your argument. Z. G. Tom One of the main influences of cubism is the famous Pablo Picasso who was massively popular in the 20th century. He started as a child prodigy and made his way to abstract art when he was twenty. His first claim to fame was his painting ‘demoiselle’s d’avignon’. This picture has many interpretations, such as the fruit bowl symbolising temptation. The facets on the left hand side of this painting establish that it is painted in a cubist way, where the African like masks on the right would be influenced by Africa. This painting shows that Picasso was showing signs of cubism from a young age, which in turn sculpture owes its existence to cubist painting. still need to talk about sculptures...

Tom this belongs to paragraph 3. You can use Picasso as a sculptor but you should only focus on his cubist sculptures if you do. You need a second artist for this paragraph.

Z. L. Connor

Raymond Duchamp-Villion (1876-1918) gave up medical school for sculpture, often working closely with his brothers, the artists Gaston (better known by his pseudonym, Jacques Villon) and Marcel Duchamp. Duchamp-Villon’s early work was influenced by Auguste Rodin's figurative sculpture, but he converted to a Cubist style in 1910. His progression to more simplified forms can be seen in the portrait heads //Baudelaire // (1911) and //Maggy // (1911), which were virtually reduced to simple geometric shapes. With works such as //Seated Woman // (1914), Duchamp-Villon increasingly employed the Cubist painters’ technique of dissecting an object into abstract shapes. Duchamp-Villon’s move toward abstraction was fully achieved in his masterpiece, //Horse// (1914), which reduces forms to their geometric essentials and integrates space into the mass of the work. This sculpture is also notable for its dynamic depiction of mechanical motion, a central theme of the Futurists. Duchamp-Villon began to apply Cubist principles to architecture, but he was killed in World War 1 before his experiments could be realized.

Good work Connor. Add a second sculptor to this paragraph to build the strength of your argument. You are arguing well.

Z. P. Stephen Alexander Archipenko was another artist who was greatly influenced by cubism. One such work that proves this is, ‘Walking’. Made in 1914- 15, just after the beginning of synthetic cubism, it is obvious how Archipenko used cubism to develop his work. Archipenko in this sculpture has used faceting, a technique unique to cubism. As can be seen in the upper body especially, it is apparent how he used faceting.

A good start Stephen. Keep going and add a second sculptor to your paragraph.

Z. S. Aka Another artist **(who)** was influenced by cubism was Umberto Boccioni. Boccioni was a futurist sculptor (WHO) that had a very unique form of sculpturing. His first and most significant sculpture was an unravelling form 'the development of a bottle in space.’ This sculptor was made to look like a bottle was slowly twisting around and unravelling as it flew through a free environment. To effectively portray this Boccioni made this sculpture, again, very faceted with sections angled off, facing different places. He mostly made his sculptures out of bronze but this original sculpture was made from plaster which was, at a later date re-cast into bronze. Another sculptor was called “unique forms of continuity in space”. This is a very authentic sculpture in terms of ideas and skill. It is of a strong person trying to walk towards a strong gust of wind. He is very tall and muscular. Boccioni expertly shows the wind hitting the character by making his clothes wavy and face behind the figure. The technique used to do this is by giving the character a sense of depth and reassembling some parts of his body and clothes. Boccioni has done some exceptional sculpting that has clearly been influenced by his use of faceted designs, angled off parts, depth in his sculptors and reassembling the characters body parts, this is a close description of cubism.

Aka use capitals for all words in titles except for articles (a, the) and prepositions (with, for, of). Mention "Winged Victory of Samothrace" and his visit to Paris between 1911 and 1912 and its effect on his thinking demonstrated through his paintings.

Z. S. Archie Marcel Duchamp was a French artist around the same time as Boccioni. He was associated with several modern movements including Cubism and Futurism. His generation was shocked when in 1912, he created, ‘//Nude Descending a Staircase.’// The colours of this painting are mustards and browns and the shapes used are cones and cylinders. The way these shapes have been put together create the effect of a motion of a man moving down a staircase. Motivated by Cubism, Duchamp became one of the pioneers of the modern art movement Dadaism. Dadaism was created against the background of disillusion with World War 1 and attacked traditional artistic values. Duchamp’s work ‘//Fountain//’ which is a porcelain urinal is one of the best known works of Dadaism. (put in picture) Dadaism later inspired Surrealism. Their deliberate shock-tactics were revived by some artists in the 1960’s and are used in various forms of art even today. Archie this would be better used in the qualifier as there is little of relevance to cubism in his sculptures. You might be able to mount an argument that his painting was influenced by cubism and the bitterness of having it rejected led to his Dada sculptures.